Can any one tell me about history of child labour?

Question

like when it started e.t.c

Answer 1

Forms of child labor, including indentured servitude and child slavery, have existed throughout American history. As industrialization moved workers from farms and home workshops into urban areas and factory work, children were often preferred, because factory owners viewed them as more manageable, cheaper, and less likely to strike. Growing opposition to child labor in the North caused many factories to move to the South. By 1900, states varied considerably in whether they had child labor standards and in their content and degree of enforcement. By then, American children worked in large numbers in mines, glass factories, textiles, agriculture, canneries, home industries, and as newsboys, messengers, bootblacks, and peddlers.



Spinning Room

Cornell Mill

Fall River, Mass.

Photo: Lewis Hine

In the early decades of the twentieth century, the numbers of child laborers in the U.S. peaked. Child labor began to decline as the labor and reform movements grew and labor standards in general began improving, increasing the political power of working people and other social reformers to demand legislation regulating child labor. Union organizing and child labor reform were often intertwined, and common initiatives were conducted by organizations led by working women and middle class consumers, such as state Consumers’ Leagues and Working Women’s Societies. These organizations generated the National Consumers’ League in 1899 and the National Child Labor Committee in 1904, which shared goals of challenging child labor, including through anti-sweatshop campaigns and labeling programs. The National Child Labor Committee’s work to end child labor was combined with efforts to provide free, compulsory education for all children, and culminated in the passage of the Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938, which set federal standards for child labor.

Child Labor Reform and the U.S. Labor Movement

1832 New England unions condemn child labor

The New England Association of Farmers, Mechanics and Other Workingmen resolve that “Children should not be allowed to labor in the factories from morning till night, without any time for healthy recreation and mental culture,” for it “endangers their . . . well-being and health”  

Women’s Trade Union League of New York

1836 Early trade unions propose state minimum age laws

Union members at the National Trades’ Union Convention make the first formal, public proposal recommending that states establish minimum ages for factory work

1836 First state child labor law

Massachusetts requires children under 15 working in factories to attend school at least 3 months/year

1842 States begin limiting children’s work days

Massachusetts limits children’s work days to 10 hours; other states soon pass similar laws—but most of these laws are not consistently enforced

1876 Labor movement urges minimum age law

Working Men’s Party proposes banning the employment of children under the age of 14

1881 Newly formed AFL supports state minimum age laws

The first national convention of the American Federation of Labor passes a resolution calling on states to ban children under 14 from all gainful employment

1883 New York unions win state reform

Led by Samuel Gompers, the New York labor movement successfully sponsors legislation prohibiting cigar making in tenements, where thousands of young children work in the trade

1892 Democrats adopt union recommendations

Democratic Party adopts platform plank based on union recommendations to ban factory employment for children under 15  

National Child Labor Committee

1904 National Child Labor Committee forms

Aggressive national campaign for federal child labor law reform begins

1916 New federal law sanctions state violators

First federal child labor law prohibits movement of goods across state lines if minimum age laws are violated (law in effect only until 1918, when it’s declared unconstitutional, then revised, passed, and declared unconstitutional again)

1924 First attempt to gain federal regulation fails

Congress passes a constitutional amendment giving the federal government authority to regulate child labor, but too few states ratify it and it never takes effect

1936 Federal purchasing law passes

Walsh-Healey Act states U.S. government will not purchase goods made by underage children

1937 Second attempt to gain federal regulation fails

Second attempt to ratify constitutional amendment giving federal government authority to regulate child labor falls just short of getting necessary votes

1937 New federal law sanctions growers

Sugar Act makes sugar beet growers ineligible for benefit payments if they violate state minimum age and hours of work standards

1938 Federal regulation of child labor achieved in Fair Labor Standards Act

For the first time, minimum ages of employment and hours of work for children are regulated by federal law

Answer 2

as far back as time! children have always had to contribute to the household because that was the only way to get things done! even in ancient times the children had to help. shoot king tut was a BOY king!

children have had to work farms, help cook, etc! no one had money to hire anyone so family labor it was.

Answer 3

Child Labour began around the Industrial Revolution. Children from the age of 7 had to work long hours without breaks in factories, down mines and up chimneys, the work was very hard and dangerous. Children were employed because since they were small they could easily squeeze into tight spaces.

Children were very cruelly treated in factories and suffered horrific beatings for doing anything wrong. Little girls were punished by having their hair cut off and boys were often beaten.

Parents had no choice but to send their children to work if they needed to pay for food ect.

Timeline on Child Labour laws in Great Britain.

Factory Act 1802

Factory owners must obey the law

All factory rooms must be well ventilated and lime washed

Children must be supplied with 2 sets of clothing

Children must not work before 6am or after 9pm

Children must be instructed in reading, writing and arithmic

Male and female children must sleep in seperate rooms

Children must not sleep more than 2 per bed

On Sundays children must have 2 hours of Christian religion

Mill owners must attend to any infectious diseases.

Cotten Mills and Factories Act 1819

Children under 9 were not allowed to work

Children aged 9-16 were limited to 12 hours work a day.

Factory Act 1833

Children aged 13-18 only to work 11 hours a day

Children aged 9-13 must not work more than 9 hours a day

Children aged 9-13 must have 2 hours of education a day

Children under 18 were forbidden from working at night

Chimney Sweeps Act 1840

Anyone under 21 was banned from sweeping/cleaning chimneys.

Mines Act 1842

Women and children under 10 banned from workining in mines.

Factory Act 1844

Children aged 8-13 were to work for 6 and a half hours a day

Women and children to work 12 hours a day and get 1 and a half hours for meal breaks.

Factory owners must wash factories with lime every 14 months

Children's ages must be vertified by surgeons

Accidental deaths must be reported to surgeons and investigated

Machinery was to be fenced in and not be used by children under 15

Ten hours Act 1847

Women and children under 18 to only work 10 hours a day

Factory Act 1878

Factory code applied to all trades

Children under 10 were not to be employed

Children under 10 had to go to school

Children aged 10-14 to only work for half days

Women to work no more than 56 hours per week

Factory Act 1891

Minimum working age is raised to 11

Factory Act 1901

Minimum working age is raised to 12

Children and Young Persons Act 1933

Minimum working age is raised to 14

Answer 4

You could say that child labor started with slavery during the colonial period; otherwise, the Industrial Revolution era is when child labor was widely used.  See below.

Answer 5

Child labor is a very extensive subject, and I spent an entire semester looking at America's history with child labor alone.  Are you looking for a history worldwide or just in the US?  A great source for American history comes from the book "Celebrating the Family: Ethnicity, Consumer Culture, and Family Rituals" by Elizabeth H. Pleck.  That book could get you started.  

Cheers mate!

By the way, way to copy and paste from http://www.earlham.edu/~pols/globalprobs... tattooed hippie....  Maybe you should source your blatant forgery.

Answer 6

Child Labor is a social problem associated with the rise of industrial production and capitalism. It appeared in earlier ages in agricultural societies, but during the Industrial Revolution of the 18th century in Great Britain it was especially conspicuous and began to be opposed. It was one of the biggest scandals of the 19th century, spreading to other countries as they industrialized. The problem arose when children, many younger than ten years old, were employed by factories and mines. They were forced to work long hours under dangerous conditions for little pay. Social reformers began to condemn child labor because of its detrimental effect on the health and welfare of children. Among those helping to incite public opinion against it were Karl Marx and Charles Dickens, who worked at a factory himself at age twelve. One of the most effective attacks came from Charles Dickens' novel Oliver Twist, which was widely read in Britain and the United States.

With the Industrial Revolution machinery took over many functions formerly performed by hand and was centralized in large factories. Children often tended these machines in ever-increasing numbers from as young as age five, especially in the textile industry. Child labor also occurred in coal-mining, where children would labor for long hours in the dark, damp mines, carrying coal on their backs up to the surface.

In the 1830's the English Parliament set up a commision to investigate the problems of child laborers. One worker in a textile mill testified that since the age of 8 he had worked from 6 A.M. to 8 P.M.,with an hour off at noon. When business was busy, however, he worked 16 straight hours, from 5 A.M. to 9 P.M. Another boy,whose parents had sold him to a mill owner, testified that the child laborers were locked up in the mill night and day. He ran away twice, and was caught and whipped by his overseer. Stories as horrible as thses are common from the the child laborers in the coal-mines.

Many British children had no parents that could support them, if they had parents at all. These children were called "pauper children," and under the English Poor Laws, local government officials were supposed to arrange for them to become apprentices, to learn a trade and be cared for. However, thousands of children were turned over to a distant mill owner, leaving no one to intercede for them. Others were indentured by their parents, sold to a mill owner for a period of years. Still others lived with their families and supplemented the family income with their hard-earned wages.

Child labor first became an issue in the U.S. in the 1850's in large Northern cities like New York, worsening with increased industrialization. The problem also worsened with the increasing immigration at the turn of the century,and with the South's late and slow industrial development.

Poor children in the large cities were sent out by parents as young as age 6 or 7 to earn their keep and contribute to the household economy. The youngest worked as scavengers, gathering salable trash- cinders, rope, metal bottles. They brought them home, sold them to junk dealers,or peddled them to neighbors. Older kids street-peddled or worked at huckstering. Several low-paying trades were reserved for children, like street-sweeping for girls, and bootblacking and newspaper selling for boys. These children who worked in the streets far away from adult supervision often fell into gambling, prostitution, or theft. Children also worked in glass factories in front of fiery furnaces, in dark textile mills, in coalfields breathing in coal dust for 10 hours at a time.

In 1870, the first time the census reported child laborers, there were 750,000 workers 15 and under, not including family farms or businesses. Rapid industrialization increased these numbers, resulting in a campaign forchild labor laws that became an important movement for over fifty years. It sprang from several sources. Crowded and unsanitary conditions in factories and factory dormitories gave rise to disease. The rigors of child labor resulted in a permanently weakened labor force, even in premature death. The lack of education that child laborers recieved also was a prime concern.

England, in 1802, passed the first child labor legislation,but it only applied to pauper apprentices and was not enforced. It was followed in 1819,1825, 1833, 1844, and 1878 Factory Acts, gradually strengthening inspection,shortening hours,and raising ages at which children could work.

In the United States, numerous organizations worked to eliminate child labor, including the National Child Labor Commitee, lauched in 1904 by social workers. Public support was mobilized by several "muckrakers," journalists exposing horrible conditions and social ills everywhere. In 1916, at the hightide of the progressive movement, President Wilson passed the Keating-Owen Act through Congress. This banned articles produced by child labor from interstate commerce. A 1918 Supreme Court ruling declared it unconstitutional. It was not until 1938, with the far-reaching Fair Labor Standards Act, did any attempt at child labor legislation succeed. This requires the employers to pay child laborers the minimum wage. It also limits the age of child laborers to 16 and over, 18 if the occupation in hazardous. Children 14 and 15 are permitted to work in certain occupations after school hours.

In the United States today, child labor remains a problem in agriculture, especially among migrant farm families. It is also an issue that comes up in protests of U.S. companies who buy products made by child laborers abroad.

Answer 7

Until child labor laws, children were not guarenteed a childhood as we know it now. Every family member did chores or help the family survive. Today we are lucky we can get children to do their homework. Children today, as a high percentage, seem to favor their friends more that siblings or parents, nor do they contribute or want to help the family.

Answer 8

Child labor is the employment of children under an age determined by law or custom. This practice is considered exploitative by many countries and international organizations. Child labor was utilized to varying extents through most of history, but entered public dispute with the beginning of universal schooling, with changes in working conditions during industrialization, and with the emergence of the concepts of workers' and children's rights. Child labor is still common in some places.

GO TO http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labou...

Answer 9

he was  a  child