Chemistry help again

Question

Which type of chemical bond must be present in an electrolyte? How do you know?

2.Distinguish between different types of ions. Give three examples of each type of ion.

3. Why are ionic solids non-conductors of electricity, but good conductors when metal?

4. What should I do when a question askes me to draw a dot diagram, say for phosphine, PH3?

Answer 1

1.  It may not make any difference what the bonds in the molecule are as long as it dissolves in water to dissociate into ions.  NaCl is predominately ionic, and dissociates to form Na+ and Cl- ions in solution.  But HCl contains covalent bonds and it too,dissociates to form ions in solution, H+ and Cl-.

Na2CO3 is a good electrolyte, and has ionic bonds between Na and O, while it has covalent bonds between O and C.  The bottom line is not so much the intramolecular bonds, as it is does the substance dissociate in water to form ions.

2.  Ions.  Positive and negative ions.  Pretty obvious.  Monatomic ions like Na+ and Cl- and polyatomic ions which contain two or more atoms, like nitrateion,  NO3-, or sulfate ion, SO4^3-.

3.  In order to be a conductor of electricity, there must be movable charges or electrons that can be moved.  The electrons in an ionci solid are bound tightly to the individual atoms and are not free to move.  Neither are the atoms themselves free to move.  They are locked in a rigid lattice.

The electrons in metals are loosely bound to the atoms, and are easy to remove, and thus conduct electricity.

4.  I'd go ahead and draw it.  LOL.  Follow the rules for drawing Lewis structures.  Follow these steps:

http://misterguch.brinkster.net/lewisstr...

Answer 2

1) it has to be ionic

2)positively charged vs. negatively charged: Na+, Cl-

atomic ion vs. molecular ion: K+, (H3C)4N+

single charged vs. multiply charged: OH-, PO4(3-)

3)because electrons bounded to each ion in ionic solids, while electrons can move around in metal.

4) No idea love

:)