Chemistry help please ?

Question

can someone please exspain and tell me how to fill in a blank energy diagram and how to label all the parts and how to detemine if its endothermic or exothermic and how it is effected by a catalyst

Answer 1

A catalyst speeds up a reaction and is not consumed by it. It gets reused over and over again. It functions as a pathway of lowering the activation energy (energy required to proceed with reaction). The energetics can be decided on whether gibbs free energy (deltaG) is positive (endothermic) or negative (exothermic). Or, you could use enthalpy (deltaH), and if its negative its exothermic rxn.

Here is a basic molecular orbital diagram to start you with (including the 1s2, 2s2, and 2p6 shells). The asterisks represent antibonding orbitals. You fill each slash with two electrons with opposite spin states using the slashes off to the side (e.g. 1s, 2s, 2p and then fill the orbitals in the middle, e.g. theta and pi). There are larger and smaller energy gaps between the antibonding and bonding orbitals (w/o asterisks) depending on the shell you are filling. The 1s shell is not considered part of valence electrons and labeled "KK" often.

                                                _ theta*2p

                                            _      _pi*2p

                                              

                      2p _ _ _                                      _ _ _ 2p

                                                _ theta 2p

                                             _    _ pi 2p

and so on.... I figure your text may have a good diagram. It's much easier in real life to explain see if somebody can do this for you.