Chemistry ( <span title="Condensation,evorportation,filtration,distillation,)Etc.?">Condensation,evorportatio...</span>

Question

Hi Please answer This

I have given an assignment

Give applications of: -

a) Crystallization

b) Centrification

c) Chromatography

d) Fractional distillation

Thanks

Please answer my Question

Answer 1

a)  Usually used to purify a substance via the difference of its solubility in hot/cold solution.  Soln is heated to dissolve all solids, then cooled (slowly) and crystals of the pure product form. The solvent is selected so that the impurities stay in soln.

b)  Separation via the difference in density...high centrifugal force simulates an increasein gravity.  Usually used to separate a solid from a liquid...the solid settling on the bottom.

c) Separation (eg on paper or in a packed column) of a mixture via their relative affinities for the substrate. The substrate is &#039;loaded&#039; with the mixture from one solvent, then eluted by another, the different substances coming off at diff rates.

d)  Separation of liquids via their different boiling points. The mixture is placed in a flask/condenser apparatus and refluxed. The diff liquids are drawn off as the pot temp is increased, the lower BP first, etc.

Answer 2

sorry but all i know is crystallization.

for example, whet you heat a liquid with an evaporating dish until it evaporates, there are tiny crystals left at the evaporating dish.