Describe the adaptations of species of Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae grow as epiphytes in tropical rainforests?

Question

Many species of Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae grow as epiphytes in tropical

rainforests and are important elements in these ecosystems

Answer 1

Orchidaceae:

Aerial roots covered with a layer of dead cells known as the velamen which absorbs water from the humid atmosphere.

When filled with water, the velamen becomes transparent allowing light to reach the green tissue in the roots, where photosynthesis occurs.

Dry velamen restricts water loss from the roots.

Leaves that are reduced to tiny scales. The green aerial roots of these plants carry out photosynthesis.

Highly specific relationships with their pollinators: They have very specialized flower structures and produce scents which are similar to the specific s*x-attractants of particular groups of bees or flies.

Thousands of dust-like seeds which are distributed by the wind.

Bromeliaceae:

Tanks to hold water are formed by leaves that overlap at the base

Trichome shields or structures on the epidermis of the leaves  serve to allow direct moisture and nutrient absorption ( Tillandsia f.e. )

Waxy layer on their surfaces which reduces water loss.

Seeds surrounded by a sticky pulp which helps to glue the seedling in position until it is established.