Different elements are made up of???

Question

different elements are made up of different kinds of

-molecules or atoms???

Which of the following particles is the smallest?

-and electron or a quark?

Electrons are kept from being pulled into the nucleus of the atom because of?

-electrical charges or constant motion

and if there is 3 protons and 4 neutrons how many electrons? Is it 3??

(sorry, Im so unsure of my answers)

Answer 1

Elements are all made of one type of atom... The type of element is affected by the number of protons. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. Quark? What the h**l is that?

Te negative charge of electrons are repelled by the positive of the protons, keeping them at a distance.

And yeah, protons=electrons, so 3=3

Answer 2

You better go with mina (the first one to answer), if you just want the right answers.

While a quark isn't really measured in size, such as an electron, I might question the teacher's concept of the question, but assuming that, since a quark is a sub-atomic particle, the teacher is assuming that it is smaller. See the reference link below.

Answer 3

Different elements are made of elements.

Different molecules are made of the same or different elements.

An element is the basic level of chemical products and it can not be broken down any further without destroying the atom itself.

An atom is made up of a nucleus of protons and neutrons and the electrons orbiting the nucleus.  Protons and neutrons are made up of subatomic particles and the smallest that we have found to date are quarks and leptons.  Electrons are made up of leptons. and that is the smallest particle that we can divide electrons into.  Protons are made up of quarks and Neutrons are made up of a combination of leptons and quarks.

Protons have a positive charge and are held in the nucleus by the action of neutrons; in larger atoms like Uranium the nucleus is unstable and the atom decays through the loss of its neutrons; radioactive decay.

The electrons orbit the nucleus, not in paths like the planets orbit the sun but in a general cloud of probability.  Chemical reactions take place based on the number of electrons in the outer shell.  With more than 2 electrons the extra electrons form outer shells.  If an atom has 8 electrons in the outer shell then it is stable and doesn't want to combine with other elements; noble gases.  Otherwise the atom is willing to share its electrons to reach that magic number of 8.  For example one oxygen atom (atomic weight 6) needs 2 electrons to be happy and it is willing to share those electrons with two hydrogen atoms.  The inner orbit only needs two electrons so each hydrogen atom can share one electron from the oxygen atom and reach its happy number thus the chemical formula H2O (two hydrogen and one oxygen = one molecule of water).

Electrons and protons are attracted to each other, but they don't have to touch, they can move around each other in an atom.  Most of solid matter is empty space; the space between the electrons and the protons and the space between each element in the solid.  The major force of the universe is electrical based.  The strong force is what keeps atoms together and the weak force is what keeps the electrons from touching the protons.  Both are different versions of the electrical force which is carried by electrons.

Most elements have the same number of electrons as protons.  If they have extra electrons then they are ions.  If they have extra protons then they are isotopes and few isotopes or ions are stable.  Static electricity is caused by the build up of ions in something (which is how lightning is created).

Carbon 14 is a mildly radioactive isotope of carbon and it has extra neutrons and protons in its nucleus.  As the neutrons decay the protons are lost.  This happens at a very specific rate and is the bases of carbon dating.

The Atomic Number is the number of electrons and protons in a stable atom.  The periodic table of elements is organized by the atomic number.  The atomic weight is the weight of the neutrons, protons and electrons in the atom.

Understanding and explaining more of this is an introduction to quantum mechanics the physics of atomic and subatomic particles.  It is a bit too detailed and large to explain here, but if you are interested then you can read the Wikipedia articles I cited below.

Answer 4

atoms

quark

motion

and 3

Answer 5

i) atoms

reason: several molecules make an atom. for different elements there are different number of molecules in an atom. so difference is in the atoms. (all molecules are identical, its their amount that matters)

ii) electron

reason: till now electrons are the smallest stable matter .

iii) electrical charges

reason: it is because of charge cancellation. equal and opposite charge cancel out.

iv) 3

reason: to keep the equilibrium ( 0 net charge),

number of protons= number of electrons. hence 3

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