Distinguish loss of the thing due and fortuitous event.

Question

The law on obligations and contracts.

Answer 1

I hope you realize that your question covers such a broad area that it is usually the subject of two separate semester long courses in law school (and that only gives a student an introduction to the complexities found in the area).  You can get a brief overview of this subject by going to this internet resource:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract