Does the ground temprature change relative to the air temperature?

Question

Does the ground temprature change relative to the air temperature?

Answer 1

Yes.

However it is much slower.  The rate at which it changes is partially dependant on the composition of the ground as well as the depth that you are measuring.

The permafrost layer in the artic regions may only thaw down a couple of feet after a summer of sunshine.  Below that it is still frozen.  There are ice caves in Idaho that the aboriginal Americans used to use as meat lockers since they stayed frozen all year.  Passive solar heating makes use of this effect when bricks and stones absorb heat during the heat of the day to radiate heat in the cool of the night.  This is also the principle that heat pumps work off of.