Functions of ribosomes and chloroplasts!!!?

Question

Please give me the functions of ribosomes and chloroplasts!!!

Answer 1

ribosomes take part in protein synthesis. they link amino acids together to form peptide chains.

chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, and are only found in plants. they are used to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose, releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.

hope that helps.

Answer 2

Chloroplasts contain prokaryote-like ribosomes

that can represent up to 30% of the total leaf ribosomes.

Experiments to discover the function of

chloroplast ribosomes have involved the treatment

of greening cells with 70S ribosomal inhibitors. The

results suggest that most of the soluble proteins of

the chloroplast are made on cytoplasmic ribosomes

and subsequently transferred across the outer membrane

of the plastid; chloroplast ribosomes appear

to be necessary to synthesize only some chloroplast

membrane proteins, some chloroplast ribosomal

proteins and Fraction I protein (Boulter et al., 1972).

However, conclusive answers can come only from

studies of protein synthesis by isolated chloroplasts,

since there are difficulties in the interpretation of the

inhibitor experiments. Blair & Ellis (1972) have

already reported that intact isolated chloroplasts

synthesize the large subunit of Fraction I protein.

We now report that intact chloroplasts also synthesize

membrane-bound protein.

Chloroplasts were isolated by the rapid method of

Ramirez et al. (1968) from 7-10-day-old pea plants

(Pisum sativum) and incubated for 40min at 20°C

with either [35S]methionine or [41C]leucine. Red

light was used as energy source in the absence of

either added ATP or catalysts of photophosphorylation;

this ensures that incorporation of amino acids

into protein occurs only in intact chloroplasts. After

incubation the chloroplasts were dialysed against

hypo-osmotic buffer and treated with 1% sodium

dodecyl sulphate. Analysis of the whole incubation

mixture by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide-

gel electrophoresis in borate buffer, pHE8.3,

revealed two major radioactive peaks. Neither peak is

found in chloroplasts incubated in the dark or in the

presence of chloramphenicol. The peaks do not

coincide with the chlorophyll-protein complexes

derived from either photosystem I or photosystem II.

When the dialysed extracts are centrifuged at lOOOOg

for 10min the slower-moving peak remains in the

supernatant, where it runs exactly with the, large

subunit of Fraction I protein. The faster-moving

peak occurs solely in the pellet and cannot be removed

by washing in hypo-osmotic buffer. This peak

is present when the chloroplasts are treated with

lOmM-puromycin near the end of the incubation,

and when the chloroplasts are boiled in sodium

dodecyl sulphate immediately after incubation to inactivate

proteases.

Answer 3

my dear, ribosomes are protein synthesizing entities(not organelles).

chloroplasts -4 food syntesis of plants(light reaction occurs in them).

Answer 4

google it.

Answer 5

Ribosomes (from ribonucleic acid and "Greek: soma (meaning body)") are complexes of RNA and protein that are found in all cells. Ribosomes from bacteria and archaea are smaller than the ribosomes from eukaryotes, although all three domains of life have significantly different ribosomes.

Ribosomes build proteins from the genetic instructions held within messenger RNA. Free ribosomes are suspended in the cytosol (the semi-fluid portion of the cytoplasm); others are bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, giving it the appearance of roughness and thus its name, or to the nuclear envelope. As ribozymes are partly constituted from RNA, it is thought that they might be remnants of the RNA world.[3] Catalysis of the peptide bond involves the C2 hydroxyl of RNA's P-site adenosine in a protein shuttle mechanism. The full function (i.e. translocation) of the ribosome is reliant on changes in protein conformations.

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis. Chloroplasts absorb light and use it in conjunction with water and carbon dioxide to produce sugars, the raw material for energy and biomass production in all green plants and the animals that depend on them, directly or indirectly, for food. Chloroplasts capture light energy to conserve free energy in the form of ATP and reduce NADP to NADPH through a complex set of processes called photosynthesis.

Answer 6

ribosomes release protein material for the cell

chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll in plants

Answer 7

ribosome help do many things like protein but chloroplast is used in photosynthsis to create food in plants