HELP PLS!!! Chemistry homework.. need it ASAP

Question

You are lost and stranded on a faraway unknown island. You seem to be isolated from civilization. You found a stream with fresh water but it is muddy. There is sea all around. You hunt around ad manage to find the ff:

some newspapers, a saucepan, a kettle, several tumblers, a knife, some wire, an empty plastic bottle and a short piece of copper piping.

Make a design to show how you would obtain the ff:

1. clean water from the muddy river water

2. fresh water from the seawater

3. salt from the seawater

anyone???

I will really appreciate your help...tnx...

Answer 1

This is more of a biology question since your muddy water is surely contaminated with some microbe out to kill you. I would start by putting some muddy water in the 1st tumbler and let the mud settle as much as possible. Then using clean newspaper to make a paper funnel and filter the water to make it a little cleaner each time through a series of tumblers. In some poor countries women filter the drinking water through their aprons to get rid of parasites.

To remove the salt from the water, the idea would be to set up the saucepan in the sun to evaporate pure water using sunlight energy to harvest the dry salt. This is done on a large scale in Spain and other countries using tidal water sitting in bright sunshine in ponds created just for this purpose.

Now you need to create some kind of solar still to collect clean water from the salty. Maybe wire the copper tubing onto the mouth of the kettle and leave it out in the sun. Aim the condensing water into your plastic bottle, and slowly you will have a drink of pure water.

In a coastal area of western South America, in foggy locations, people hang nets out overnight and the dew drips off them into collecting vessels. First time they had pure water ever since there are no rivers in that region.