1 Cousin of Holy Prophet peace be upon him (Mohammad SAW)
2 Hunsband of Fatima R . A
3 ʿAlī was appointed caliph by Muhammad's companions in Medina after the assassination of the third caliph, Uthman Ibn Affan.[10] He encountered defiance and civil war (First Fitna) during his reign. In 661, Ali was attacked while praying in the mosque of Kufa, dying a few days later.[11]
Muslims greatly respect ʿAlī for his knowledge, belief, honesty, unbending devotion to Islam, deep loyalty to Muhammad, equal treatment of all Muslims and generosity in forgiving his defeated enemies. ʿAlī retains his stature as an authority on Qur'anic exegesis, Islamic jurisprudence and religious thought.[12][6] Ali holds a high position in almost all Sufi orders which trace their lineage through him to Muhammad.[1] ʿAlī's influence has thus continued throughout Islamic history.
4 King of heavens Most sources record that ʿAlī was the only person born in the Kaaba sanctuary in Mecca. His father was Abu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib and his mother was Fatima bint Asad[1] but he was raised in the household of Muhammad, who himself was raised by Abu Talib. When Muhammad reported receiving a divine revelation, ʿAlī was among the first to accept his message, dedicating his life to the
5 Ali was prominent at the Battle of Uhud, as well as many other battles where he wielded a bifurcated sword known as Zulfiqar.[32] He had the special role of protecting Muhammad when most of the Muslim army escaped at the battle of Uhud[1] and it was said "There is no brave youth except Ali and there is no sword which renders service except Zulfiqar."[33] He was commander of the Muslim army in the Battle of Khaybar.[34] He also defended Muhammad in Battle of Hunayn in 630.[1]
GHADIR KHUM
6 As Muhammad was returning from his last pilgrimage in 632, he made statements about Ali that are interpreted very differently by Sunnis and Shias.[1] He halted the caravan at Ghadir Khumm, gathered the returning pilgrims for communal prayer and began to address them[40]:
"O people, I am a human being. I am about to receive a message from my Lord and I, in response to Allah's call, (would bid good-bye to you), but I am leaving among you two weighty things: the one being the Book of Allah in which there is right guidance and light, so hold fast to the Book of Allah and adhere to it. He exhorted (us) (to hold fast) to the Book of Allah and then said: The second are the members of my household I remind you (of your duties) to the members of my family.[41]."
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