Heisenberg's uncertainty principle short notes?

Question

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle short notes?

Answer 1

In addition to the above, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is sometimes misinterpreted as a statement about our ability to measure things accurately. It is not. The uncertainty is inherent in the particles themselves.

For instance, an electron cannot be "at" a well-defined position in space. If you could somehow constrain an electron to a fixed location, it would have infinite momentum; you would need infinite energy to hold it in place.

In addition to position / momentum, there are other pairs of properties that are linked by the uncertainty principle. One of them is energy / time. This means that, for instance, if you have an atom that must emit a photon with a well-defined energy there will be a great deal of uncertainty in the time at which the emission takes place. That is why when we do an experiment where the outcome is dependant on the energy of light (or wavelength), such as an interference experiment, the light seems to behave as a continuous wave, spread out over time, even though we know it is discrete packets of energy.

Answer 2

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

Simply describe, Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to know both the exact position and the exact velocity of an object at the same time. However, the effect is tiny and so is only noticeable on a subatomic scale.

History

Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976) was a German physicist who helped to formulate quantum mechanics at the beginning of the 20th century. He first presented the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle in February 1927 in a letter to Wolfgang Pauli, then published it later that year.

The Principle

Light can be considered as being made up of packets of energy called photons. To measure the position and velocity of any particle, you would first shine a light on it, then detect the reflection. On a macroscopic scale, the effect of photons on an object is insignificant. Unfortunately, on subatomic scales, the photons that hit the subatomic particle will cause it to move significantly, so although the position has been measured accurately, the velocity of the particle will have been altered. By learning the position, you have rendered any information you previously had on the velocity useless. In other words, the observer affects the observed.

Answer 3

according to this principle, "it is impossible to measure simultaneously both the position and momentum(or velocity) of a microscopic particle with absolute accuracy or certainty".