Help with Structural Formula?

Question

Can someone explain to me how to create the structural formula for:

*Acetic Acid

-Cylcopentanol

*3-methyl-1,4-pentadiene

Answer 1

try this link

Answer 2

  acetic acid is a methane  with a hydrogen replaced by a carboxyl group    CH3COOH

cyclopentanol is a pentagon with an OH attached in place of a hydrogen  Make sure all the carbons have four bonds to them  

CH2=CH-C(CH3)-CH=CH2   a five carbon chain with a double bond between the 1st and 2nd carbon ( starting from left ), a methyl group attached to the 3rd carbon and another double bond between the 4th and fifth carbon...make sure all the carbons have 4 bonds to them

Answer 3

It's almost impossible to draw visualizable structures on this site, but I'll give you an idea...

It's usually best to start with the parent alkane...

1) Acetic acid = ethanoic acid...start with ethane, CH3CH3

Oxydize one -CH3 to a carboxl group, -COOH

Formula wd look something like CH3C(=O)OH

2) Start with cyclopentane, ...CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2...(visualize five -CH2- groups joined in a closed pentagon)

Replace one H by a -OH (hydroxl) group

Formula wd look something like ...CH2CH(OH)CH2CH2CH2...(remember, it's a closed ring)

3) Start with n-pentane, saturated hydrocarbon with five carbons numbered as follows:

...CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

...1.....2....3.....4....5

Remove one H from each C at 1,2,4,5, to get the -diene structure:

CH2=CHCH2CH=CH2

Now replace a H on #3 by a -CH3 group, to get

CH2=CHCH(CH3)CH=CH2

Answer 4

Structural formulas are just representations of molecules that show how the atoms are arranged.  Since I can't draw pictures here it's really difficult to show you, but I've listed 3 sources that have the structural formulas of those compounds in the sources section below.

Basically what you have to do is to figure out what atoms compose the compounds and then how they are arranged.  Generally this can be determined by the name.  

3-methyl-1,4-pentadiene:   It tells you that you have a 5 carbon backbone with double bonds between carbons 1 and 2 and between carbons 4 and 5.  It also tells you you have a methyl group coming off of the center (i.e. carbon 3) of your backbone.

Cyclopentanol:  Again, you have a 5 carbon structure, but the carbons are arranged in a loop, you also have an OH group attached

Acetic acid:  Here you have two carbons, one of which is part of a carboxylic acid group.