How a circuit board works?

Question

All I want to know is how a circuit board turns electricity into information, like on a computer. I know all about capacitor's and transistors and what not, I just want to know how they work when they connect.

Answer 1

An arrangement of diodes will form simple logic circuits like "and" gates, "or" gates, "not" gates, etc. Combining these a certain way makes what is probably the most basic digital calculating circuit, a binary half-adder. You can buy a digital electronics kit at Radio Shack for a few bucks and build these yourself on a breadboard and analyze their functions.