How are plants cloned? How are plants crossed?

Question

and why are some plants grown in a pot and then a bag is placed to provide that humid environment?

i am trying to grow a garden, any suggestions, and well learn, not just to plant and grow plants, but the biology of them and if any chemistry exists, well that too...all the conditions, the leaf cutting, soil stuff and etc etc...

Answer 1

Cloning:Many plants clone themselves naturally to reproduce. They send a small shoot-like structure, called a runner, along the soil. The runner grows into a new separate plant that is genetically identical to the original plant. In other words, it is a clone.

People can clone plants by simply taking a cutting of the plant such as a twig or stem and planting it. This is called vegetative propagation.

Horticulturists use cloning to grow plants with specific qualities, like height, flower colour and quality. They use a more complex method than vegetative propagation called tissue culture.

Tissue culture starts by using a small piece of the desired plant such as a bud, node, leaf segment or root segment. It is grown in a test tube on a culture medium that provides nutrients.

It is then chemically treated to produce shoots. Buds from each of these shoots can then be separated to grow more shoots, and the shoots are then treated to grow roots so that they develop into whole plants.

All the plants produced in this way are genetically identical because they have all come from the same plant initially and so share that plant’s genetic make up.