How bioinformatics tools were used in forensic.?

Question

How bioinformatics tools were used in forensic.?

Answer 1

Broadly viewed, the field of bioinformatics incorporates three main areas: 1) genomics, 2) proteomics, and 3) systems biology (Campbell and Heyer, 2003). Genomics includes DNA sequence data, whereas proteomics specifically deals with the function, shapes, interactions, and abundance of proteins. Systems biology is the most recent and complex branch in the field of bioinformatics, and it examines the extensive role of protein and DNA interactions on the function of cells, tissues, and organs as a whole. For example, systems biology can describe the pathway of enzymes and their various metabolites by using computer data models, or it can illustrate brain function by using computer images. The field of bioinformatics makes the areas of genomics, proteomics, and systems biology possible.

Current major research and clinical applications of bioinformatics include its use to improve the diagnosis and detection of diseases, to promote vaccine development by screening databases for pathogen genomes, and to increase the understanding of evolutionary processes through analysis of nucleotide/protein sequence mutations (Campbell and Heyer, 2003; Cambridge Health Institute, 2004; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [ORNL], 2006; NCBI, 2006). Beyond these uses, the advent of bioinformatics poses legal, ethical, moral, and policy challenges for scientists and the public (Bloom, 2001; Smith and Emmeluth, 2002; Gabric, 2003). These include, for example, the possible use or misuse of biological information by employers, courts, and health insurance companies and the potential to start a new eugenics movement. A more extensive listing of the pure and applied aspects of bioinformatics and ethical, moral, and legal issues can be found in Supplemental Material 1

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