How can Vroom’s Expectancy Theory of motivation be applied to the workplace?

Question

How can Vroom’s Expectancy Theory of motivation be applied to the workplace?

Answer 1

There are three variables: Valence, Expectancy and Instrumentality.

1. Valence is the importance that the individual places upon the expected outcome of a situation.

2. Expectancy is the belief that output from the individual and the success of the situation are linked, e.g. if I work harder then this will be better.

3. Instrumentality is the belief that the success of the situation is linked to the expected outcome of the situation, e.g. project has been successfully completed, thus I expect praise.

The theory seems to be applicable to traditional-attitude work situations; how motivated the employee is depends on wanting the reward on offer for doing a good job, and the belief that more effort will lead to such rewards.

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