How can we ensure that planned activities are inclusive and available to all children?

Question

and how can we adapt the paln to meet individual children needs

Answer 1

It's all about knowing your kids and their abilities.  Any activity can be adapted for any child, you just have to know their level of ability and modify the activity to their developmental level.  For some four year olds, putting out glue, scraps of paper, scissors and stuff to glue on would be fine.  For a four year old functioning at a two year old level, this would have to be a hand-over-hand guided activity.  Usually the adaptations are very easy... other times, when the child has a significant impairment (such as cerebral palsy or autism) the activity has to be broken down into it's smallest elements or given further adaptations- such as a very large grip on a pencil for a child with a loose grasp.  Pretty much anything that can be used for a "typically developing" child can be adapted in a way that a child with a disability can also participate.