How did the Lateran Pact shape the Italy that we know today?

Question

How did the Lateran Pact shape the Italy that we know today?

Answer 1

- 1922 or so, established Vatican City.  Up till then, the Pope lived virtually as a prisoner in his palace in the middle of Rome, with no legal status.  This was Mussolini's greatest (only?) achievement, and there's even a fresco of this in a church in Montreal, Canada.

-by putting the church and state in two physically-separate countries, Italy helped display the legal separation of church and state

-ended the controversy over rule of the Papal Estates (countries run by church, about half area of modern Italy) that had dogged the country since unification in 1879,