How did the human race evolve in into Saxon and Norman etc?

Question

Chinese, Black and Indian could it be that somewhere in space there are more examples of the human race,

Just like cats and spiders. Could it be that there bigger or smaller ones

Answer 1

"Saxon" and "Norman" are cultural groups. After the battle of Hastings in 1066 the French speaking Normans ruled the Saxons (who originally came from the area today known as Germany) Culture occurs when humans band together. The Saxon migrated from Germany and were identifiable by common language, practices, beliefs and clothing. Vist several different high schools and you'll see each has their own culture.

As for your question about space: "There are those who believe that life here began out there, far across the universe, with tribes of humans who may have been the forefathers of the Egyptians, or the Toltecs, or the Mayans." which is the start of the 1970s series "Battlestar Galactica."

Carl Sagan pointed out that that the DNA spiral could have just as well spirals to the left instead of right. Plus with the countless mutations over the history of the planet it's unlikely life on other worlds would be bipedal with four limbs and sensory organ located on a nub on top.It's not likely that people that looked the same would evolve on separate planets (much less be able to interbreed) As for refugees arriving here to colonize. Now you're faced with incomputable DNA (plants and animals here) and a too small to be viable gene pool.

As for "Chinese, Black and Indian" Most of the time people are really speaking about skin color

We humans did start out in Africa, and we were all black.

The out of Africa migration was done during the first half of the Pleistrocence period. It was a time of ice ages, when sea levels dropped significantly and there was increased rainfall in many regions. At the same time Homo erectus was making stone tools and was able to use fire. The question of his being able to create fire has not yet been answered. Given the favorable climate and the increased skills to control his environment, Homo erectus spread out of Africa.

As for skin color:

"In their analysis of human evolutionary history, Jablonski and Chaplin concluded that modern humans most likely evolved in the tropics, where they were exposed to high UV levels. But as they moved into regions away from the equator, where UV levels are lower, humans became fairer so as to allow enough UV radiation to penetrate their skin and produce vitamin D, the "sunshine vitamin," also obtained from eating fish and marine mammals. Vitamin D is essential for maintaining healthy blood levels of calcium and phosphorous, and thus promoting bone growth.

Skin color, according to Jablonski and Chaplin, basically becomes a balancing act between the evolutionary demands of photo-protection and the need to create vitamin D in the skin.

One of the important implications of Jablonski and Chaplin's work is that it underlines the concept of race as purely a social construct, with no scientific grounds. DNA research has shown that genetically all humans, regardless of skin color and other surface distinctions, are basically the same. In an April 2001 article titled, "The Genetic Archaeology of Race," published in the Atlantic Monthly, Steve Olson writes "the genetic variants affecting skin color and facial features are essentially meaningless —they probably involve a few hundred of the billions of nucleotides in a person's DNA. Yet societies have built elaborate systems of privilege and control on these insignificant genetic differences."

http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/02...

"Before the mass global migrations of people during the last 500 years, dark skin color was mostly concentrated in the southern hemisphere near the equator and light color progressively increased further away, as illustrated in the map below. In fact, the majority of dark pigmented people lived within 20° of the equator. Most of the lighter pigmented people lived in the northern hemisphere north of 20° latitude."

http://anthro.palomar.edu/adapt/adapt_4....

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Answer 2

Ethnogenesis (From Greek: ethnos(nation)+"genesis(birth), Greek: Εθνογένεσις) is the process by which a group of human beings comes to be understood or to understand themselves as ethnically distinct from the wider social landscape from which their grouping emerges. By self-reinvention ethnic groups are "present at their own creation", in the phrase of E. P. Thompson, setting traditional teleological nation-building narratives, that were once uncritically accepted as history, into the framework of legend.

(And it's political.)