How do ship aim their turrets to hit targets back in WW1?

Question

How do they know how much to raise their elevation? Was it the same for WW2 before FCS came out?

Answer 1

Every naval rifle had a corresponding ballistic table.  This gave the gunnery officers a quick-reference for super-elevation of the guns, and powder charges at given ranges.  The British did have, over the objections of many in the naval establishment, a Fire Direction System in most capital ships by WW1.  Otherwise, each turret ranged and adjusted by fire on its own.  What was unforeseen at the outbreak of WW1 was the extreme ranges that the Germans could open fire (due to their superior range-finding ability and higher velocity guns).