How does a pioneer community become a climax community?

Question

Through succession obviously.

Primary or secondary?

What actually happens?

Examples?

Answer 1

Primary succession is the gradual growth of organisms in an area that was previously bare, such as rock. (For example pioneer species such as lichens, mosses, and ferns will first appear on bare rock.). The presence of these pioneer species result inchanges in the environment, such as soil production as plants die and decay, and this then makes conditions favourable for other species to establish themselves and so on.....   Thus a gradual change in the community occurs until the final stable climax community is established.

rock -> lichen -> moss -> grass -> shrub -> trees -> oak hickory forest