How electron is moving in a wire when current is flowing through it.....?

Question

i mean when we apply a battery across a wire current is flown through it...but how actual is the movement of electons in it...?does outer most electrons come out of the the parent atom and strikes to the other electron of other atom..........?how is the actual movement....pleaze explain...?

Answer 1

beacuse metal contains free electron which  move when they get the energy from battery it means they transfer the energy from batt. to other

Answer 2

Free electrons flit about randomly in metal.   They are not in orbit and attached to the metal's atoms.  The attached electrons are not the electrons involved in a wire's current.

When a voltage is applied across the wire, the free electrons are dragged towards the positive terminal...opposite charges attract  That is, when voltage is applied, they line up and move in one direction rather than move about aimlessly.

The resulting electron drift is a relatively low velocity.  [See source.] No where close to light speed.  It's been a while since I looked up a typical drift rate, but they are in the order of 10E3 mps I believe.  You can work it out for yourself, for the equation is v = I/(nqA); where I is the current (as in V = IR), n is the number of charge carriers (electrons) per unit volume, q is the charge, and A is the cross sectional area of the wire.

But the energy to light a bulb does not come from the electron drift, it comes from the group wave velocity of the electrons.  And the wave velocity does in fact travel at light speed.  Recognize that light speed in anything but a vacuum will be less than the traditiional C ~ 299E6 mps we typically associate with light speed.

The group wave velocity can be likened to the movement of ripples on a pond.  The free electrons are the molecules of the water that, as a group, form the ripples.  And it's the ripples, the electron group wave, that carries the energy used in a light bulb.  

Answer 3

yes, thats wi we yuze wire=metal.  Metals kondukt elektrons kauz eezee tu nok lektrons outta orbit.

Answer 4

In a metal, the outermost shell electrons are free to move around in the material.

When you apply a voltage across a metal wire, those free electrons start to move in the direction of the field. This motion is slow, but as all of the electrons in the circuit start to move at about the same time, the effect is as if they moved at about 0.6 of the speed of light. It's like a long line of billiard balls touching each other. Move the first one forward a bit and the last one immediately moves that same amount.

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