How genetice knowledge has helped us understand that we living being are evovled from the same ancestor?

Question

can anyone give me some details about it?

Answer 1

Here are two links on evolution:

http://evolution.berkeley.edu/

http://www.newscientist.com/channel/life...

I'm not sure I get exactly what you're asking. All living things share some DNA, if that's what you're asking.

Answer 2

There are 3 ancient tribes, that later went to populate the world.

1) Habesha tribe (seen in the homogenous people of Ethiopia, Somalia, and Eritrea, some Sudanese people).They are Semitic people, and common only in the Horn of Africa.

2) The Arab tribe. This gives reference to Ham in the Bible. Hamitic people---are African people---and Middle Eastern people. Ham's physical appearance is unknown in the Bible, but  he fathered the Egyptians, Hittites, and all the people of Northern Africa and the far East.

3) West African tribe, who fathered the people all in West Africa, South Africa (consists of the Khoisian, San, and all other African groups).

Here is an article about West African/ European gene pool.

"West African roots found in white Brits' genes

27 January 2007

From New Scientist Print Edition. Subscribe and get 4 free issues.

RACISTS won't like it, but some white-skinned Englishmen are descended from black Africans who came to Britain anything from 300 to 1800 years ago. Geneticists at the University of Leicester, UK, made the discovery by studying links between the DNA of 2500 British men and their surnames.

One man with an unusual surname stood out because his Y chromosome carried a gene variant called hgA1 previously found only in 28 black Africans. "He just looks like your average English white guy," says Turi King, who carried out the study, to be published in the European Journal of Human Genetics.

King traced a further 18 people with the same surname and found six had the hgA1 variant. None was black. She concludes that black people lived in Britain in far more significant numbers far earlier than the first modern wave of immigration in the 1950s.

“Black people lived in Britain in significant numbers far earlier than the 1950s”"This study further debunks the idea that there are simple and distinct populations, or 'races'," says co-author Mark Jobling.

(The rest of the article is at the link @ newscientist.org).

And here is another article on how Europeans are descended from West Africans. It's well researched and from the BBC.

"Yorkshire clan linked to Africa

The connection was found to date back many generations

People of African origin have lived in Britain for centuries, according to genetic evidence.

A Leicester University study found that seven men with a rare Yorkshire surname carry a genetic signature previously found only in people of African origin.

The men seem to have shared a common ancestor in the 18th Century, but the African DNA lineage they carry may have reached Britain centuries earlier.

Details of the study appear in the European Journal of Human Genetics.

The scientists declined to disclose the men's surname in order to protect their anonymity.

The discovery came out of genetic work looking at the relationship between the male, or Y, chromosome and surnames.

The Y chromosome is a package of genetic material normally found only in males.

It is passed down from father to son, more or less unchanged, just like a surname.

Rare lineage

But over time, the Y chromosome accumulates small changes in its DNA sequence, allowing scientists to study the relationships between different male lineages.

Y chromosomes can be classified into different groups (called haplogroups) which, to some extent, reflect a person's geographical ancestry.

Certain haplogroups might be very common in, for example, East Asia and very rare in Europe.

By chance, the researchers discovered a white man with a rare Yorkshire surname carrying a Y chromosome haplogroup that had previously been found only in West African men. And even there, it is relatively uncommon.

"We found that he was in haplogroup A1, which is highly West African-specific," said Turi King, a co-author on the study at the University of Leicester.

"It is incredibly rare, there are only 25 other people known worldwide and they are all African."

Family tree

The individual had no knowledge of any African heritage in his family.

Sharing a surname also significantly raised the likelihood of sharing the same type of Y chromosome, with the link getting stronger as the surname gets rarer.

Analysis of Thomas Jefferson's DNA also threw up a surprise

So the researchers started recruiting people with the same last name, which starts with "R" and originates in Yorkshire.

Of 18 people they tested, seven carried the rare African haplogroup.

Turi King and Leicester colleague Mark Jobling then commissioned a genealogist to fit the men into a family tree to see how they were related and find clues about where exactly their unusual Y haplogroup came from.

"He could only get them into two trees, one which dates back to 1788 and the other to 1789. He couldn't go back any further. So it's likely they join up in the early 18th Century," said Turi King.

The majority of the one million people who define themselves as "black" or "black British" trace their origins to immigration from the Caribbean or Africa from the middle of the 20th Century onwards.

Prior to the 20th Century, there have been various routes by which people of African ancestry might have reached Britain. For example, the Romans recruited from Africa and elsewhere for the garrison that guarded Hadrian's Wall.

Different routes

Another major route was through the slave trade.

"Some of the Africans who arrived in Britain through the slave trade rose quite high up in society, and we know they married with the rest of the population," said Ms King.

"It could be either of these two routes," she said. Even if the two family trees link up in the 18th Century, haplogroup A1 could have reached Britain long before that.

"But my guess is that, because many slaves came from West Africa, it could have been through that ro

Source(s):

http://india.gov.in/knowindia/ancient_hi...

http://www.newscientist.com/channel/bein...

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/natur... "

As for East Africans, there are many ethnic groups-Oromos, etc. but the majority of people in the Horn of Africa, are of Habesha descent. They are related to King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba.  The Habesha people remained in the same area, since antiquity, that is why their appearance is homogenous---because they married only people in their tribe. There are very few Ethiopians-Somalis-Eritreans who have ever left the area and taken spouses from other civilizations. And if they did flee the area, they usually picked other people of Abesha ancestry (before leaving) as their mates.

My Sources:

Stuart Munro-Hay. Aksum: A Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press. 1991. pp. 39.

^ Stuart Munro-Hay. Aksum: A Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press. 1991. pp. 66.

^ Stuart Munro-Hay. Aksum: A Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press. 1991. pp. 19.

^ Emperor Haile Selassie I, Part 1, Official Ethiopian Monarchy Website.

^ ibid.

^ Herausgegeben von Uhlig, Siegbert. Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, "Ge'ez". Wiesbaden:Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005, pp. 732.

^ Munro-Hay, Aksum, pp. 57.

^ Pankhurst, Richard K.P. Addis Tribune, "Let's Look Across the Red Sea I", January 17, 2003.

^ Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press, 1991, pp.57.

^ a b Herausgegeben von Uhlig, Siegbert, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha. Wiesbaden:Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005. pp. 949.

^ Stuart Munro-Hay. Aksum: A Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press. 1991. pp. 72.

^ Stefan Weninger. "Ge'ez" in von Uhlig, Siegbert, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005), pp.732, 2005.

^ >Matthew C. Curtis, "Ancient Interaction across the Southern Red Sea: cultural exchange and complex societies in in the 1st millennium BC" in Red Sea Trade and Travel. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2002, p.60

^ A. K. Irvine, "On the identity of Habashat in the South Arabian inscriptions" in Journal of Semitic Studies, vol. 10, 1965, pp. 178-196

^ Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press, 1991, pp.57.

^ Pankhurst, Richard K.P. Addis Tribune, "Let's Look Across the Red Sea I", January 17, 2003.

This article contains material from the Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain.

Pankhurst, Dr. Richard. History of Northern Ethiopia - and the Establishment of the Italian Colony or Eritrea. Civic Webs Virtual Library. Retrieved on March 25, 2005.

The last tribe is the Arab tribe. They populated North Africa, the Far East and spread to colder climates too.  Arab people have ancient ties to Christianity-like the Abesha people. Arab people also had many religions-that were polytheistic like the Egyptians, and they also followed Islam.

All ancient religions and languages , are some how related to Africa where civilization began. Do not be fooled into think Africa is not diverse. Africa is  and was the most genetically diverse continent in the world. All of the indigenouspeople come in varying shades of brown and black, and some North Africans are olive skinned. But they are all people of color. They have varying nose shapes and sizes, hair textures from the many different types of  Egyptian and North African hair types, to very soft straight-wavy-curly-wooly Ethiopian hair, and tightly wound West African and Khoisian hair. It all depends on the climate and the diet.

I will post more sources later.  I hope this answers your question.

Answer 3

I do not believe in evolution.

But the first people came from Africa, and all other non African groups or anyone who stepped off African soil is descended from those people. Many researchers believe Ethiopia is where human kind originated. But very few people, except people from the horn of Africa look like that. Everyone else had to change physically with diet, to live under new conditions:

Europeans (unless recently mixed with non Europeans) have long torsos, shorter limbs, and very thin lips, lighter hair (blonde, red, and light brown) and grey, green, or blue eyes.

Only Meditteranean people have brown eyes and dark hair, but that is because of the Moors, Arabs, and other genetic mixtures from a long time ago.

Asian people, are very diverse. Look at India! Then look at the populations in Japan, China, Vietnam, etc. They all look so different. South East Asians have single fold eye lids, usually and have really straight black hair.  Complexions vary with sun exposure and diet.

West Africans, Southern Africans, and North Africans and Central Africans vary in appearance too. None of them look Abesha either.

Other people who are descended from Africans include the Aborigines of Australia, Oceania people, Native Americans in North and South America, etc....

No one looks Abesha, or like the first people, except the Abesha people because they pretty much stayed in the same place since the first Abesha person walked the earth.

The few people who left Ethiopia changed greatly! And diet played a huge role in it as well as climate change.

Answer 4

Well , I am not sure it completely has yet, Indo German tribes share the Haplode Y 1 chromosome, not related to African or Asian, but the x comes from somewhere, I thought I read a long time ago before people changed history etc...Careful there is a lot of garbage out there , but I think the Indo germanic tribes share the Y with ancient Mesopotamia of Sumeria, there was a mass social movement about 4800 BC that coincides with the flood story, 175 cultures have the flood story, plot them all in and You will see  the half circle that was affected. ( Coastal People of Indian Ocean and Madagascar, and Coastal Africa ) I think genetics is proving that three different areas developed into or began what we call human.

Because before the flood and after the flood, the Asians were rolling, India Indians rolling, and all the Americas were rolling, Western Asia, Russia and Germanic tribes some how survived before the flood and after.

The American Indian, Central America, South American, Alaska Indian, and Ancient Russian people etc the whole world had  at one time was  the same xy  , then the flood then the dispersion of peoples with different x and y's