How to test for sodium chloride?

Answer 1

Add a few drops of silver nitrate solution to a solution of the unknown. A thick white cloudy precipitate will confirm a chloride. Other halides such as iodides and bromides also give precipitates, but these are not white.

Answer 2

Potentiometric titration using a standardized solution of silver nitrate.  Use silver and silver / silver chloride electrodes.

Answer 3

Dissolve a little in water, then add a few drops of silver nitrate solution. A white precipitate that dissolves in dilute ammonia is indicative of the chloride ion.

Burn a little of the substance. A bright yellow-orange flame is indicative of sodium.