How were mountains, hills, valleys and rivers formed?

Question

How were mountains, hills, valleys and rivers formed?

Answer 1

the plates in the earth shifting

Answer 2

continental and oceanic plates....

Answer 3

By movements of the earths crust. These are called tectonic movements. Earthquakes generally accompany the movement of the plates along fault lines (as defined by the plate theory). Usually there is a combination of movements. An upwardly shifted plate will give rise to a mountain and the downward movement a valley. A valley filled with water may give rise to a lake pond or river depending on the overall lay out of the stratum