I Need some basic information on clutch's?

Question

The spring vs non spring clutches.

Answer 1

Clamping force is the force generated by the pressure plate.

A stronger plate is used to keep the clutch from slipping. As an alternative, different clutch material with a higher coefficient of friction could be used.

Harsh and soft probably refer to how quickly you release the clutch pedal. It could also refer to the fact that some clutch materials have more of a tendency to grab and not slip than others (for example, road racing clutches don't slip well).

Sprung is the weight of most of a car, all the weight supported by the springs. Unsprung is the weight of the tires, rotors, the stuff that isn't supported by the springs.