In which layers of the atmosphere does temperature increase with increasing height?

Question

In which layers of the atmosphere does temperature increase with increasing height?

Answer 1

As you get higher the pressure drops and as the pressure drops air expands.  The heat within the air also expands to fill a larger area causing temperature to fall.  It's known as Lapse Rate.

If you'd like to know more you could do a search for 'Adiabatic Lapse Rate' and 'Environmental Lapse Rate'.