The original motto of the United States was secular. "E Pluribus Unum" is Latin for "One from many" or "One from many parts." It refers to the welding of a single federal state from a group of individual political units -- originally colonies and now states.
During the Civil War, a two cent coin was minted in the north that said "In God we Trust". This was used as a subtle reminder that they were in the religious and moral right side against the south.
In the early 1900s, pennies began being minted with the words, following by other coins.
Eleven Protestant denominations mounted a campaign to add references to God to the U.S. Constitution and other federal documents. It was deemed unconstitutional in congress to involve god in what was originally designed as a secular state.
American paper currency since 1957 has included the motto "In God We Trust."
Congress added the words "under God" in 1954 to the pledge.
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