Mitosis/Meosis Part 2?

Question

First off thanks Clare for the awesome answers on my previous question.

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1.Cell division accomplishes what three tasks?

2. The spindle apparatus and the centromere each have a function. Describe the function of each.

3. The replication process during interphase is SO significant to cell division because...

4. Note the two differences between plant and animal cell mitosis?

5. A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. Indicate the number of chromosomes you would expect in each of the daughter cells.

Answer 1

Glad I helped!

1.Cell division accomplishes what three tasks?

ANSWER  The answer is different depending on whether you are referring to Mitosis or Meiosis

Mitosis

1. Produces new cells for growth and repair of body tissues.

2. Ensures that each new cell formed has the same chromosome complement as the parent cell from which it was formed ie diploid.

3. Ensures that each new cell formed is genetically identical.

Meiosis

1. Produces gametes for sexual reproduction.

2. halves the chromosome number ie haploid.

3. Increases variation by croosing over and random assortment of chromosomes to ensure that gametes are genetically different.

2. The spindle apparatus and the centromere each have a function. Describe the function of each.

ANSWER

The centromere joins the two chromatids of the chromosome. The chromosomes attach to the spindle at the centromere.

The function of the spindle is separation of chromosomes in Meosis I and separation of sister chromatids in Meosis II and Mitosis. The centromere splits and the strands are pulled to opposite poles of the cell along the spindle fibres.

3. The replication process during interphase is SO significant to cell division because...

ANSWER  Before cell division can occur, whether by Mitosis or Meiosis, the DNA must replicate to make a new copy of each chromosome so that each cell each receives one copy. If during the replication process the DNA is not copied exactly then the new cell may not be able to function properly due to failure to make essential proteins.

4. Note the two differences between plant and animal cell mitosis?

1. Mitosis can occur in normal body cells in animals (except in the s*x organs where Meiosis occurs) but in plants Mitosis only occurs in specific growth regions (the meristems).

The apical meristems are the root and shoot tips for increased growth of roots and stems. Mitosis also takes place in the  cambium for increase in girth of the plant.

2. Following cytokinesis in plants cells a cell plate is formed to produce a new cell wall between the new cells formed.

5. A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. Indicate the number of chromosomes you would expect in each of the daughter cells.

ANSWER  The chromosome complement in each new daughter cell is the same as each other and the parent cell from which they were formed ie 10 chromosomes.

Hope this helps too!