Neritic zone help?

Question

I need some help for my science project.

i need:

substrate- what is on the ocean floor of it.

food chain/web of the ecosystem.

resources- what types of resources do humans get from your ecosystem.

problems/pollution/ecological challenges- what problems are the organisms having in your ecosystem? does pollution or ecological changes affect their environment? does El Nino affect them?

my ecosystem is the neritic zone [continental shelf]

THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!!!! :)

Answer 1

One major problem with both the diversity-productivity and diversity-stability debates discussed up to this point is that both focus on interactions at just a single trophic level. That is, they are concerned with only one level of the food web, namely plants. Other research, unconcerned with the effects of diversity, has demonstrated strong top-down forcing of ecosystems (see keystone species). There is very little actual data available regarding the effects of different food webs, but theory helps us in this area. First, if a food web in an ecosystem has a lot of weak interactions between different species, then it should have more stable populations and the community as a whole should be more stable.[3] If upper levels of the web are more diverse, then there will be less biomass in the lower levels and if lower levels are more diverse they will better be able to resist consumption and be more stable in the face of consumption. Also, top-down forcing should be reduced in less diverse ecosystems because of the bias for species in higher trophic levels to go extinct first.[22] Lastly, it has recently been shown that consumers can dramatically change the biodiversity-productivity-stability relationships that are implied by plants alone.[23] Thus, it will be important in the future to incorporate food web theory into the future study of the effects of biodiversity. In addition this complexity will need to be addressed when designing biodiversity management plans

Pollution, in one sense, is the introduction of contaminants into an environment, of whatever predetermined or agreed upon proportions or frame of reference, that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the physical systems or living organisms therein.[1] Pollution can be in the form of chemical substances, or energy such as noise, heat, or light. Pollutants can be naturally occurring substances or energies, but are considered contaminants when in excess of natural levels. Pollution is often categorized into point source and nonpoint source pollution.

pollution is a term for any substance introduced into an ecology that causes instability and breakdown of the life or reproductive forces of said system. A substance as common and generally healthy as water can become a "pollutant" at high enough concentrations, e.g. if a human were to drink excessive amounts, leading to a burden on physical systems, a breakdown of such systems, and potentially leading to death. Water has been used in just such a way in suicide attempts and successes. In an even broader application of the concept, excessive noise "pollution" and exposure is used in military exercises to induce imbalance in the subject's mental ecology, causing malfunction and psychosis.

Adverse air quality can kill many organisms including humans. Ozone pollution can cause respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, throat inflammation, chest pain, and congestion. Water pollution causes approximately 14,000 deaths per day, mostly due to contamination of drinking water by untreated sewage in developing countries. Oil spills can cause skin irritations and rashes. Noise pollution induces hearing loss, high blood pressure, stress, and sleep disturbance.

Ecosystems

Sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen can cause acid rain which reduces the pH value of soil.

Soil can become infertile and unsuitable for plants. This will affect other organisms in the food web.

Smog and haze can reduce the amount of sunlight received by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

Invasive species can out compete native species and reduce biodiversity. Invasive plants can contribute debris and biomolecules (allelopathy) that can alter soil and chemical compositions of an environment, often reducing native species competitiveness.

Biomagnification describes a situation where toxins may be pass through trophic levels, becoming exponentially more concentrated in the process.

Carbon dioxide, while vital for photosynthesis, is sometimes referred to as pollution, because raised levels of the gas in the atmosphere are affecting the Earth's climate. Disruption of the environment can also highlight the connection between areas of pollution that would normally be classified separately, such as those of water and air. Recent studies have investigated the potential for long-term rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide to cause slight but critical increases in the acidity of ocean waters, and the possible effects of this on marine ecosystems.

Answer 2

yeah we need this too for a science project haha