Outline Principal stages of Aerobic respiration in cells.?

Question

Can anyone tell me the Outline Principal stages of Aerobic respiration in cells?

Thanks!

Answer 1

Stage 1.

Cellular Respiration, Glycolysis occurs, where glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm. Both anaerobic and aerobic processes go though glycolysis. During glycolysis, a one six-carbon molecule of glucose is broken down to three-carbon pyruvates with the help of enzymes. Pyruvate is an ion, a molecule that has lost or gained one or more electrons. This ion makes up a three-carbon organic acid called pyruvic acid. Even after glycolysis, the pyruvate contains energy that was once stored in the six-carbon compound, the glucose molecule. If hydrogen atoms are transferred to NAD+, an electron acceptor, NADH is produced. NADH helps during glycolysis, because NADH donates electrons to other organic compounds. Because of that, NAD+ is reproduced, which can then accept more electrons. Aside from pyruvates being produced during glycolysis, 4 ATP molecules are also produced. Glycolysis requires 2 ATP molecules for energy, but gains two molecules, making 4 in total, with a total gain of two.

Stage 2

During aerobic cellular respiration, the pyruvate produced during glycolysis enters a mitochondrion where it is converted to a two-carbon compound, making a reaction. A Carbon dioxide molecule, a NADH molecule, and a two-carbon acetyl group are produced because of this reaction. The two-carbon acetyl group gets attached to coenzyme A, a molecule, which forms acetyl-CoA, a compound.

Stage3.

The Krebs cycle is a series of enzyme-assisted reactions, through which Acetyl-CoA enters. First, a four-carbon compound merges with Acetyl-CoA, which turns into a six-carbon compound releasing coenzyme A. Then, after Carbon dioxide is released from the six-carbon compound, a five-carbon compound is formed. More NADH is produced when NAD+ accepts more electrons. A four-carbon compound is produced after carbon dioxide is released from the five-carbon compound. A molecule of both ATP and NADH are produced. Next, a four-carbon compound gets converted to a new four-carbon compound. FAD, an electron acceptor, gets electrons transferred to it, making a molecule of FADH2, another type of electron carrier. Finally, the new four-carbon compound gets converted to another four-carbon compound, and can restart the cycle after acetyl-CoA enters again. Another molecule of NADH is also produced. Because of the Krebs cycle, NADH and FADH2 is produced, which both contain most of the energy that used to be stored in pyruvate and glucose.

Stage4.

After stage 3 of aerobic cellular respiration, NADH and FADH2 produced by the Krebs Cycle go through an electron transport chain. The electron transport chain takes place in the inner membranes of mitochondria and is used to pump hydrogen ions out of the inner mitochondrial compartment. Because hydrogen ions accumulate in the outer compartment of this mitochondrian compartment, a concentration gradient is produced. A carrier protein help the hydrogen ions to diffuse back into the inner compartment. This carrier protein also produces ATP after a phosphate group is added to ADP. Hydrogen ions and electrons combine with oxygen molecules to form water molecules. Finally, ATP is produced after the hydrogen ions diffuse into the inner compartment through a channel protein

Answer 2

1-Glycolysis of Glucose in cytoplasm---resulting in the formation of 2 Pyruvate molecules & 2ATP.

2- Pyruvate oxidation in mitochondria in presence of  co-enzyme A---resulting in the formation of Acetyl-Co-enzyme A and NADH2.

3- Krebs' Cycle----In mitochondria Acetyl co-enzyme is completely oxidised in several steps releasing energy directly or indirectly as NADH2/FADH2.

4- Electron transport chain in mitochondria where energy in the form of ATP is released from NADH2 & FADH2

Answer 3

The pyruvate produced in glycolysis undergoes further breakdown through a process called aerobic respiration in most organisms. This process requires oxygen and yields much more energy than glycolysis. Aerobic respiration is divided into two processes: the Krebs cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain, which produces ATP through chemiosmotic phosphorylation. The energy conversion is as follows:

C6H12O6 + 6O -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)

Answer 4

Hi   =]

There are 4 phases of cellular respiration:

1. Glycolysis

2. Production of Acetyl CoA (aka--Transition Reaction aka-- preparatory phase)

3. Krebs Cycle (aka--Citric Acid Cycle)

4. Electron Transport Chain

Aerobic respiration starts with a glucose molecule (C6H12O6) and ends with lots of energy. The inputs and outputs are listed for each of the four stages. It's a very exciting process.

Hope this helps