Philosophers work toward finding the foundation or underlying principles that should guide one's choices. ?

Question

Philosophers work toward finding the foundation or underlying principles that should guide one's choices. These principles have what characteristics????

Answer 1

Either, we eventually meet eternal deaths / rebirths with a virtual reality of gods or we meet God in his virtual reality of Heaven and h**l, the one moral important to us is still optimal proliferation of existence with the lease number of conflicts, disputes and sufferings.  That is the only justification of any sacrifice, war and death penalty.

Or else, we succeed in failing to make sense of this ridiculous reality.

Answer 2

I know this is a huge generalisation, but this is what I've come up with:

1. They often invoke reason rather than tradition/religion (e.g. Plato)

2. They sometimes involve the establishment of a particular system of metaphysics, which in turn leads to an ethical code (e.g. Kant)

3. They focus either on the individual as a part of a social unit (e.g. Aristotle & McIntyre) or the individual aspiring to an objective 'good' that is independent of society (e.g. Plato)

Answer 3

The ultimate underlying principles for guiding one's choices fall on two situations.  What benefits you or what benefits me.  Of course the opposite of this is always true as well meaning what is unbeneficial to you and to me.  Every action we take is guided by this premise which at times is almost an action or reaction to our environment or an involentary motion generated by sheer reaction to the environment.  A bug flies at you while you are cycling, a hand raises to protect your face or a grimace turns the head so that it does not blind you.  Action, reaction.  Life is full of them in fact that is the meaning of life on a second by second examination.