Strength of acids question?

Question

how come electronegativity of atoms remote from the acidic center affect the strength of an acid? is it that electron withdrawing constituents it harder to remove the hydrogen atom from the acid because it holds onto it stronger?

and how come the more "s" character you have for a carbon (eg. sp hybridised vs sp3 hybridised), the more electronegative it is and the greater the acidity?

thanks

Answer 1

Acidity is a measure how tightly the H+ is held to the acidic rest, compared to the solvent or reaction partner. That bond usually is a covalent bond with ionic character.

Any effect that stabilizes the acid rest after protolysis will result in increased acidity. Anything which pulls the negative charge away from the former bond will stabilize the acid rest. Electronegative ligands will do so.