Time of establishement and the objective of institution listed WHO,UNESCO,FAO, UNIDO, UNICEF?

Question

Time of establishement and the objective of institution listed WHO,UNESCO,FAO, UNIDO, UNICEF?

Answer 1

WHO is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations system. It is responsible for providing leadership on global health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, providing technical support to countries and monitoring and assessing health trends.

This year marks the 60th anniversary of WHO. This special occasion presents WHO with an opportunity to celebrate achievements in global public health over the last 60 years, demonstrate the impact of WHO's work and address challenges for the future.

WHO's 60th anniversary celebrations (WHO60) consists of a variety of activities and events that will continue to unfold throughout the year, covering a range of public health issues and particularly emphasizing issues linked to WHO's six-point agenda.

UNESCO - the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was founded on 16 November 1945. For this specialized United Nations agency, it is not enough to build classrooms in devastated countries or to publish scientific breakthroughs. Education, Social and Natural Science, Culture and Communication are the means to a far more ambitious goal : to build peace in the minds of men. Today, UNESCO functions as a laboratory of ideas and a standard-setter to forge universal agreements on emerging ethical issues. The Organization also serves as a clearinghouse – for the dissemination and sharing of information and knowledge – while helping Member States to build their human and institutional capacities in diverse fields. In short, UNESCO promotes international co-operation among its 193* Member States and six Associate Members in the fields of education, science, culture and communication.

*As of October 2007

UNESCO is working to create the conditions for genuine dialogue based upon respect for shared values and the dignity of each civilization and culture.

This role is critical, particularly in the face of terrorism, which constitutes an attack against humanity. The world urgently requires global visions of sustainable development based upon observance of human rights, mutual respect and the alleviation of poverty, all of which lie at the heart of UNESCO’s mission and activities.

Through its strategies and activities, UNESCO is actively pursuing the Millennium Development

Goals, especially those aiming to:

• halve the proportion of people living in extreme poverty in developing countries by 2015

• achieve universal primary education in all countries by 2015

• eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education by 2005

• help countries implement a national strategy for sustainable development by 2005 to reverse current trends in the loss of environmental resources by 2015.

• UNESCO and the United Nations Millennium Goals

FAO The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and debate policy. FAO is also a source of knowledge and information. We help developing countries and countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices and ensure good nutrition for all. Since our founding in 1945, we have focused special attention on developing rural areas, home to 70 percent of the world's poor and hungry people.

About UNIDO

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) helps developing countries and economies in transition in their fight against marginalization

UNIDO mobilizes knowledge, skills, information and technology to promote productive employment, a competitive economy and a sound environment. Furthermore, the Organization enhances cooperation at global, regional, national and sectoral levels.

UNIDO was established in 1966 and became a specialized agency of the United Nations in 1985. As a specialized agency, UNIDO has its own constitution, its own member states, its own policymaking organs, its own executive head (Director-General Dr. Kandeh K. Yumkella) and its own regular budget. Moreover, UNIDO disposes of voluntary contributions to finance developmental activities.

UNIDO holds a special place in the United Nations system as it is the only organization promoting the creation of wealth and tackling poverty alleviation through manufacturing. The Organization focuses on three inter-related thematic priorities:

Poverty Reduction through Productive Activities

Trade Capacity-Building

Energy and Environment

To improve standards of living through industries that are both internationally competitive and environmentally sustainable, the Organization has created the largest portfolio of projects related to trade capacity building in the United Nations system. The main focus is on promoting growth in the small and medium enterprise sector - the key generator of wealth in most developing countries. UNIDO plays a leading role in, among others, the implementation of the Montreal Protocol for the elimination of ozone depleting substances (ODS) and the Stockholm Convention for the elimination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

UNICEF was founded in 1955 and it is the driving force that helps build a world where the rights of every child are realized. We have the global authority to influence decision-makers, and the variety of partners at grassroots level to turn the most innovative ideas into reality.  That makes us unique among world organizations, and unique among those working with the young.

We believe that nurturing and caring for children are the cornerstones of human progress.  UNICEF was created with this purpose in mind – to work with others to overcome the obstacles that poverty, violence, disease and discrimination place in a child’s path.  We believe that we can, together, advance the cause of humanity.

We advocate for measures to give children the best start in life, because proper care at the youngest age forms the strongest foundation for a person’s future.

We promote girls’ education – ensuring that they complete primary education as a minimum – because it benefits all children, both girls and boys. Girls who are educated grow up to become better thinkers, better citizens, and better parents to their own children.

We act so that all children are immunized against common childhood diseases, and are well nourished, because it is wrong for a child to suffer or die from a preventable illness.

We work to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS among young people because it is right to keep them from harm and enable them to protect others. We help children and families affected by HIV/AIDS to live their lives with dignity.

We involve everyone in creating protective environments for children. We are present to relieve suffering during emergencies, and wherever children are threatened, because no child should be exposed to violence, abuse or exploitation.

UNICEF upholds the Convention on the Rights of the Child.  We work to assure equality for those who are discriminated against, girls and women in particular. We work for the Millennium Development Goals and for the progress promised in the United Nations Charter. We strive for peace and security. We work to hold everyone accountable to the promises made for children.

We are part of the Global Movement for Children – a broad coalition dedicated to improving the life of every child.  Through this movement, and events such as the United Nations Special Session on Children, we encourage young people to speak out and participate in the decisions that affect their lives.  

We work in 191 countries through country programmes and National Committees. We are UNICEF, the United Nations Children’s Fund.

Answer 2

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