What are the basics of broadcasting TV over the air?

Question

I mean, I know the technology of turning the A/V from the camera and microphones through a mixer and coming out as a composite analog waves... but how do you get it broadcast over-the-air?

Answer 1

The video is used to amplitude modulate a carrier, with the carriers for adjacent channels separated by 6 megahertz.  For instance, channel 2 is from 54 to 60 MHz.  I believe the actual carrier frequency is 1.25 MHz above the low end of the band, with the lower sideband suppressed, so the video bandwidth is about 4.5 MHz.  The audio is on a separate frequency modulated subcarrier at 5.75 MHz above the low end of the band.  This applies to the NTSC system used in the US, and not to the PAL system used in Europe.  Also does not apply to HDTV, and probably not to the new digital signals.