What are the characteristics of jazz??? i need help.... :(?

Question

What are the musical characteristcs of jazz music? I know 9th chords and improv but what else? Also, what makes something a jazz piece?

Answer 1

As the term "jazz" has long been used for a wide variety of styles, a comprehensive definition including all varieties is elusive. While some enthusiasts of certain types of jazz have argued for narrower definitions which exclude many other types of music also commonly known as "jazz", jazz musicians themselves are often reluctant to define the music they play...

Answer 2

It ain't jazz if it ain't got that swing.  

Answer 3

"If you have to ask, you'll never know."

Once you figure out all the characteristics of jazz and exactly what makes a jazz piece...there will still be hundreds or thousands of pieces that AREN'T jazz, but still fulfill your list.  

You will also be able to find JAZZ pieces that don't fulfill any requirements of your list!

A very generic and incorrect answer might be:

  harmonies based primarily on 7th chords (not 9ths, although they are used...call them 7th chords)

  harmonic progressions mainly based on the ii V I and it's common reharmonizations

  IMPROVISATION

  Swing feel

  Instrumentation: a rhythm section (drum set, bass, piano/guitar)

  Syncopation

  Tunes mainly based on Blues, "I Got Rhythm" changes, or AABA Tin Pan Alley/Showtunes.

  The use of "Blue" notes.

   Angular lines and asymmetrical phrasing

  Virtuosity; importance of the "solo."

  etc. etc.

A closer definition might be something like: Jazz is that style of music that stems from the early 20th century New Orleans.  A music of synthesis, jazz is a combination of traditional African/American folk, European Classic, Marching/Brass Band, Ragtime, Dixieland...etc.  Louis Armstrong...etc.etc.blah blah blah.

The above type of definition is probably more accurate, but there is no good answer.