What are the charateristics of Substance, Commercial and Specialized agriculture?

Question

What are the charateristics of Substance, Commercial and Specialized agriculture?

Answer 1

I think that you mean subsistence agriculture which means making a living and feeding your family on the products raised on your farm. There is just enough to support the family and generally not enough extra to sell.

Commercial farming means simply raising farm products to sell commercially. The farm doesn't have to be large or and use a lot of inputs, though many commercial farms are large today.

Specialized agriculture is growing a specific specialized product, such as Christmas trees or mushrooms, Raising organic foods is another type of specialized farming. Specialized farming is usually commercial agriculture as well.

Answer 2

If you mean subsistence agriculture, its like having a garden, you raise what you need, if there is any left after canning and drying or processing, you share or barter the remainder.  Generally a low cost effort and use of predominately manual or animal labor.  Typically, is similar to mixed farming where the products are both agricultural as well as livestocks of some type such as cows, chickens or other animals.

If you did mean Substance Farming, see the attached website, it has the results of the South African, Canadian and Ugandan Substance Farming Project.

Commercial farming is usually highly mechanized, well funded.  Example would be the Boeing potato fields in Idaho and Oregon/Washington, the Colorado Fuel and Iron corporations Corn Fields in Colorado.  Not all big companies engage in farming but these are notable exceptions.  Lastly they are characterized by large areas under cultivation.

Specialized farming is usually smaller and for specific products, like seed farms for the major seed producers, organic farms producing organic fruits and vegitables, feed producers or farms and ranches who specialize in a specific crop such as ginger root, specific pedigree of livestock.  Typically they are smaller and have less land under tillage or pasture.  They make a living on special high quality crops.