What are the inventions or ideas developed by people living in the fertile crescent?

Question

What are the inventions or ideas developed by people living in the fertile crescent?

Answer 1

Commerce and trade were important economic activities in the Sumerian city-states. The Sumerians quickiy developed a system of writing so they could keep accounts, record transactions, and prepare documents. Archaeologists believe that the writing system the Sumerians invented is the oldest in the world, dating to about 3100 B.C. The cuneiform system of writing began with pictograms --as did Egyptian hieroglyphics-- and consisted of hundreds of wedge-shaped markings made by pressing the end of a sharpened reed on wet clay tablets. Then the Sumerians dried or baked the tablets until they were hard. Eventually cuneiform evolved into a script that became --2,000 years later-- a model for alphabetic systems of writing.

Sumerians wishing to learn cuneiform and become scribes studied for many years at special schools called eddubas. As educated professionals, scribes rose to high positions in Sumerian society. They produced business records, lists of historical dates, and literary works.

One of these literary works, the epic poem about Gilgamesh, was written ddwn before 1800 B.C. Scholars believe that the Gilgamesh epic may be the oldest story in the world. The scribes probably based the stories of Gilgamesh, a godlike man who performs heroic deeds, on an actual king of the city-state of Uruk.

Historians credit the Sumerians with numerous technological innovations. The Sumerians developed the wagon wheel, for example, to better transport people and goods, the arch to build sturdier buildings, the potter's wheel to shape containers, and the sundial to keep time. They developed a number system based on 60 and devised a 12-month cal- -endar based on the cycles of the moon. The Sumerian civilization also was the first to make bronze out of copper and tin and to develop a metal plow. These and other Sumerian achievements have prompted one scholar to observe that "history begins at Sumer."

Answer 2

well for one they invented irrigation, its not as if their climate is good and there are always rain to water their crops...irrigation is very important and plus the fertile land in their place resulted to abundance of food production that resulted to increase in population. then people started to build city-states, its in mesopotamia that the first city-state was formed. these city states are somehow independent from one another therefore, they have their own government, and all sort of things were invented to keep the needs of the people, so on and so forth.

Answer 3

ummmm, writing is the #1....Mesopotamia had the earliest writing discovered yet....they also domesticated wheat and other things.

Answer 4

according to our lesson in asian history, the sumerians first invented the first writings or as they call it the cuneiform writing. they also constructed irrigation canals during heavy rains so the water can go to dry places. they also devised the potter's wheel. and the first people who used the wheeled vehicle so transportation will be faster. they constructed temples called ziggurats.

then the babylonians came. the babylonians studied astronomy and mathematics. they learned that the circle was divided into 360 degrees.they devised a calendar of 12 months a year, each month consisting of 4 weeks and not exceeding 30 days. to measure time they invented the sundial and water clock. they also devised the multiplication table and tables of squares and cubes(mathematics).not only in science and math they are known but also in literature, one of the most outstanding epic of the babylonians was the epic of gilgamesh and the greatest contribution of the babylonians to the wold was the code of hammurabi(eye for an eye& tooth for a tooth).

then after the babylonians, they were being conquered by the hittites. they were the first who used the iron chariot pulled by a horse.

then the assyrians, their greatest contribution to civilization was their hardy,matchless,fighting army. they also had the first library in which it is located in niniveh.

the chaldeans built the hanging gardens of babylon, studied the complete revolution of the moon around the earth and computed the lenght of the year. they used seconds and minutes to tell time and studied the 12 zodiac.the months were divided into weeks of 7 days each.

the phoenicians are known to be the missionaries of civilization and their alphabet was being introduced to the greeks then to the romans, in which later became our present alphabet. the hebrews' contribution was only the bible and the mosaic code.

and last but not the least are the persians. one of their contributions was the religion zoroastrianism. then the fertile crescent fell after alexander the great came.

well i hope this helps you anyway...