What do glaciers transport?

Question

very summed up answer

Answer 1

Rocks, gravel, ice.  Occasionally trees and houses, bodies and airplanes

Answer 2

Glaciers can transport any size object at all.  I've seen house-sized boulders that were transported by alpine glaciers.  The extensive loess deposits of central USA and China are composed of dust created by the abrasive action of the base of a glacier on bedrock (the base of the glacier carries much rock material and acts like a huge, slow-moving piece of sandpaper).

So, whatever is available to be moved by a glacier can be moved by a glacier.

In addition, glaciers, of course, move ice which, in turn, moves a cold substance into a (usually) warmer environment.  This movement of low thermal energy into higher thermal energy is possible only because of mechanical energy (the ice itself moves from a higher potential energy regime to a lower energy regime).  Otherwise various thermodynamic laws would be broken.

Finally, believe it or not, glaciers move the crust of the Earth.  The weight of large continental glaciers is so immense that the crust is pushed downward!  Near Lake Erie in the USA there are beach terraces formed during the last ice age, and these terraces are tilted in such a way that it shows that the crust of the Earth was pushed down due to the weight of the glaciers (in fact, I think they are still "rebounding").