What does chlorine chemically bond with?

Question

What does chlorine chemically bond with?

Answer 1

most obvious is sodium to make NaCl table salt

Answer 2

Pretty much everything except helium, neon, argon, krypton.  Don't quote me on the krypton, I know crazy Finns have made covalent Kr-fluorine and Kr-cyanide compounds.

Group 1 and 2: ionic halides

LiCl NaCl KCl MgCl2 CaCl2 etc etc

(Except BeCl2, which is a covalent chain polymer with Cl bridging between tetrahedral Be centres)

TMs and f-block: multiple metal chlorides, usually in different oxidation states for each metal e.g. FeCl2 and FeCl3, CuCl and CuCl2, MoCl2 MoCl3 MoCl4 MoCl5 MoCl6, UCl3 UCl4 UCl5 UCl6, and so on.

Group 13: BCl3 and Al2Cl6 and Ga2Cl6 are covalent, InCl InCl3 TlCl TlCl3 are pretty much ionic compounds, "InCl2" is actually [In]+[InCl4]–, half In(I) and half In(III).  Tl does the same.  Inert pair effect!

Group 14:

Carbon makes organochlorines.  Chlorinated solvents, freons, PCBs, dioxins, all generally frowned upon.  Sucralose is also an organochlorine.

All the others make ECl4, GeCl2 SnCl2 and PbCl2 are covalent chains with pyramidal central atoms and one bridging/one terminal chloride each.

Group 15: N P As Sb Bi all make ECl3, P As Sb make ECl5, molecular at the top, polymeric chains or associated species at the bottom.

Group 16: SCl2 and S2Cl2 and SCl4, you can generate Cl-(S)n-Cl chains with n up to 8 or so.  

SeCl2, Se2Cl2, [SeCl4]4

Te2Cl, TeCl2, Te3Cl2, [TeCl4]4

PoCl2 PoCl4

Group 17: FCl and ClF3, BrCl, ICl and I2Cl6

Group 18: XeCl+ and [F5C6XeClXeC6F5]+ are known.  Some claim to have seen XeCl4 go by in a spectrometer once.

Answer 3

Chlorine is found in many, many chemicals.  Some interesting examples:

NaCl (table salt)

KCl (potassium chloride, used in lethal injections)

Chloroform (CHCl3, the stuff that puts you to sleep)

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4),

CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons, in aerosols)

.... and literally thousands more.

Answer 4

Lots of things, including other chlorines. (Cl2 is the elemental form of chlorine. It is a diatomic element.) When it bonds with hydrogen, hydrochloric acid, HCl, is formed. Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, is another compound that comes to mind. NaCl, sodium chloride, is salt.

Chlorine has 7 valence electrons and is looking for 1 more electron to complete its octet. So it will bond with other elements that can provide that 1 electron. The bond may be ionic (like NaCl) or covalent (like CCl4).