What does it mean when a <span title="haplotype/mutation/chromosome">haplotype/mutation/chromo...</span> is phased? or unphased?

Question

More specifically, what does a "phase of individual" mean? Or, more simply, what does "phase" mean?

Answer 1

ADDING ( in more simple language, I treated you like a specialist biologist...sorry!)

So, go step by step to understand it....

1. First learn here what is haplotype in genetics

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotypes

2. Then learn what is HAPLOTYPE resolution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotypes#...

3. Then try to look at the PUNNETE square

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotypes#...

4. NOW TRY to understand the square

READ the description here below.....

----&gt;The first locus has alleles A and T with three possible genotypes AA, AT and TT;

----&gt;the second locus having G and C, again giving three possible genotypes GG, GC, and CC.

For a given individual, there are therefore nine possible configurations for the genotypes at these two loci, as shown in the latin square, which shows the possible genotypes that an individual may carry and the corresponding haplotypes that these resolve to.

For individuals that are homozygous at one or both loci, it is clear what the haplotypes are; it is only when an individual is heterozygous at both loci that THE PHASE is ambiguous.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotypes#...

NOW YOU KNOW what are these phases ??? !!!

These are either heterozygous or homo in the Punnete square...... OK ?

5. Check again the link to get a whole story

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotypes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplotypes#...

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ADDING..........

HAVE got one more link for further understanding......( if you wish)

http://www.chemie.de/lexikon/e/Haplotype

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Previously written .......before adding

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These links might be helpful to you....

1. Haplotype Estimation and Association  

... haplotype in a region of the genome surrounding the disease mutation (i. ... Unphased Data (Case-control) Phased Data (3 generation families) EH ...

http://slack.ser.man.ac.uk/theory/associ...

Estimating Haplotype Frequencies Efficiently  

the phased haplotypes are given when sequencing chromosome X in men, or when se ... to the mutation and the wild type alleles. A partial haplotype is a string over ...

http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/~heran/publ...

Haplotype Information and Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping for ...  

... is to estimate the location of the disease-related mutation relative ... of which are capable of fine mapping on either phased or unphased disease data. ...

http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/full/1...