What is dilution (in chemistry)

Question

What are the things to remember or main points in studying the topic, like the formulas etc. Please answer thanks!

Answer 1

Moles = moles

Molarity x volume (initial) = molarity x volume (ending)

Answer 2

The "dilution equation" is M1 x V1  = M2  x V2

That means if you have a solution, it's mass (M1) and Volume (V1), when multiplied, will be equal to the product of the mass and volume of the diluted solution (M2 and V2, respectively).

For example, if you have a solution with a mass of 20g and a volume of 8cm cu.,   and you want to mix a solution from that that will have a volume of 16cm cu.:

20 x 8 = M2  x  16     (since the mass M2 is unknown)

160 = M2  x 16

160 / 16  = M2

Therefore M2 (the mass of the second solution) is 10g.

Also, always make sure that your two masses are in the same units, and also the two volumes in the same units. Sometimes a question may give one mass in grams and another in milligrams, etc.

Answer 3

The main equation is C1V1 = C2V2 for problems where you dilute a concentrated solution (C1) with water only.

If you combine two solutions to make a third one, then C1V1 + C2V2 = C3V3.

C can be any concentration unit and V can be any volume unit as long as you use the same units on both sides of the equation.