What is <span title="ISO?.............................................?">ISO?........................</span>

Question

I See that many companies boast about their high ISO. But I also see that high ISO is not good for taking pics. Please explain.

Answer 1

International standards that gives requirements for an organization&#039;s QMS (Quality management system).

• A non-governmental organization.

• A network of the national standards institutes of 157 countries.

• Head office – Central secretariat in Geneva – Switzerland.

• Provides a reference framework, common technological language between supplier and customers – which facilitate trade and transfer of technolog

What is ISO ????:

•WRITE WHAT YOU DO

•DO WHAT YOU WRITE

•CONFORMANCE TO REQUIREMENTS

•The objectives of ISO is to provide a guideline to the supplier to consistently provide goods and services that :

- Meet your needs and expectations.

- Comply with applicable regulations.

- Enhance Customer satisfaction.

- Achieve continual improvement.

Benefits of ISO

•A consistent and effective “Quality Management system”.

•Enhance customer satisfaction.

•Less reliant on people, rather reliant on systems.

•Promotes continual improvement in processes.

•Increases productivity.

•Improved performance

•Reduction in re-work and non value added operations.

•Preventive approach – overcomes repeated mistakes.

•Makes people – Quality conscious.

•Provides a platform for assessing the health of the company’s Quality Management system – Internal quality audits as a tool.

•International accreditation.

•Improved profitability.

•Reduction in re-work and non value added operations.

•Preventive approach – overcomes repeated mistakes.

•Makes people – Quality conscious.

•Provides a platform for assessing the health of the company’s Quality Management system – Internal quality audits as a tool.

•International accreditation.

•Improved profitability.

•Global access to business.

•Uniformity in processes makes it easy to manage business in any part of the world.

•Controls

PONC (COQ = PONC – POC) i.e.

Cost of Quality = Price of Non Conformance – Price of conformance

Statistical evidence

•30% reduction in customer claims

•95% improvement in delivery time.

•Defects reduced from 3 % to 0.5 %

•30% increased customer demand.

•50% reduction in customer audits

•69% competitive advantage in the market

•85% firms report higher quality and greater customer demand.

•95% firms report greater employee awareness, increased operational efficiency and reduced scrap expense

Criticisms of ISO:

•Compliance process is costly.

•Compliance process is time consuming.

•Lots of administration to implement it.

•Difficult to revise, readapt processes.

•Not appropriate for creative fields like software engineering.

•Difficult to incorporate due to personnel attitude issues.

•Many organizations get certified just for name sake and do not follow the standard in true spirit.

•Sometimes becomes too bureaucratic.

•Increases paper work and documentation.

•Increases check points.

•Increases manpower to execute work relating to the process.

Answer 2

ISO as it relates to photography is the sensitivity of the camera sensor to light. The higher the # the more sensitive. Higher ISO allows for faster shutter speeds but may degrade the image. If you are taking a landscape with nothing moving a low ISO would be fine. In sports or some nature photography a higher ISO is called for.Most relatively inexpensive &quot;and all smaller camera&#039;s do rather poorly at higher ISO settings.&quot; It takes a big DSLR camera to do well at HighISO settings.

Answer 3

ISO is an acronym for international standards organisation.

In the days of film you got different &#039;speeds&#039; of film.

The higher the number the faster the film and the more sensitive it is to light.

In film cameras this meant having bigger grains of silver salt, which degraded image quality.

The ISO number was basically a uniform way of describing a films speed, so that you could be sure that a fuji iso 200 would behave the same way as an agfa 200 and as a kodak 200.  

On manual cameras you would dial in the speed of the film, on automated cameras there was dx coding where the film canister told the camera the speed of the film.

This was important because the cameras meter needs to know the speed of the film in order to set the correct exposure.

The same rough principles apply for digital cameras.

The lower the iso the punchier the colour and the finer the image detail.

Although you can&#039;t enlarge individual pixels to catch more light (although some of the cameras that offer very very high iso numbers join the pixels into small clusters, effectively lowering the resolution) you can amplify the electronic charge either going to the image device (making it more senstive) or amplify the signal coming from it (enhancing the image)

Whatever system is used it can mean a trade off in terms of image noise (dead pixels show up, sometimes pixels record the wrong colour or not at a true level) and the colour saturation can start to go a bit weak.

High ISO, if it&#039;s properly processed can get you out a hole, on compact cameras you wouldn&#039;t really want to go above ISO 400 as the small pixels of the smaller sensor (often crammed with unneccessary and unrealistic resolutions of over 8MP) most DSLRs will give up to 400 without any problems whatsoever some newer or more expensive professional models can go as high as ISO 25&#039;600 and give useable results, though this is usually at a reduced overall resolution.

You can use the flash on a camera to reduce the need for high iso, and setting things like a wide aperture or longer shutter speed help to reduce the need for high ISO.  If you have an SLR camera then buying &#039;fast&#039; lenses with maximum apertures of f1.4 - f2.8 helps.

If you must use a high ISO then shooting in RAW mode or DNG mode helps you to control noise and detail loss at the conversion stage.

A slightly long but hopefully comprehensive answer.