What is the clear difference between Pre-Socratics and Socrates?Socrates view of pschye (self)?

Question

What is the clear difference between Pre-Socratics and Socrates?Socrates view of pschye (self)?

Answer 1

The pre-socratics were primarily concerned  with natural science or physics-philosophy.  Questions about the  substance and form of the empirical world dominated their thought.  With Socrates there is a move towards moral philosophy, where the dominant focus is on how to live and how to know.   Philosophy becomes humanistic with Socrates.  

Answer 2

Prior to the events leading to Socrates demise a hero was a person that achieve glory by force and by advantageously risking life and limb.

Socrates was the first greek hero that was seen as great for having conviction of an ideal, namely that of self examination and reliance.

The shift was made possible because for the first time in recorded history we have a government without a ruling class.

The average citizen of greece could participate in government.

This lead to an explosion of economic and ideological prosperity that the city states of greece had never before the ability to realize.

The most clearly defined difference in my opinion is the shift in attitude for what virtues qualify as heroic.

Prior to socrates the greek hero's were men of might and achieve glory through battle and used force to gain hero status.

Socrates was different because he questioned all assumptions and remained true to his convictions about free-thought even in the face of persecution.

Answer 3

Socrates represents the first completely philosophical man.  He had completely differentiated himself from that which surrounded him.

Answer 4

Pre-Socratica clearly refers to the period before Socrates. Socrates strongly opposed the Sophists, a group of spectators who taught that the standards of right and wrong and of truth and falsity were completely relative, being solely established solely by individual opinion or social convention.  Socrates made his view that there must be knowledge to know goodness. And goodness can only be made by oneself through his gain of wisdom.

Socrates held that the highest duty of man was to "care for his soul," that is to cultivate that healthy state of soul which is true knowledge, the attainment of the good. When a man becomes fixed in uch knowledge he will as a matter of course act correctly in all affairs, he will be beyond the dictates of the passions, and he will remain peaceful and undisturbed in every circumstance.

Socrates terms his method maieutic, that is, like of a midwife. He thought that a soul could not really come to knowledge of the good by the imposition of information from an external source. Rather, such knowledge had to be direct encourage, and prod is soul until it gives birth tot he truth.

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