What is the delayed choice experiment of physics?

Question

What is the delayed choice experiment of physics?

Answer 1

Wheeler's Classic Delayed Choice Experiment explained with diagrams below. (first source)

Experimental realization of Wheeler’s delayed-choice

GedankenExperiment

The quantum “mystery which cannot go away” (in Feynman’s words) of wave-particle duality is illustrated in a striking way by Wheeler’s delayed-choice GedankenExperiment. In this experiment, the configuration of a two-path interferometer is chosen after a single-photon pulse has entered it : either the interferometer is closed (i.e. the two paths are recombined) and the interference is observed, or the interferometer remains open and the path followed by the photon is measured. We report an almost ideal realization of that GedankenExperiment, where the light pulses are true single photons, allowing unambiguous which-way measurements, and the interferometer, which has two spatially separated paths, produces high visibility interference. The choice between measuring either the open or closed configuration is made by a quantum random number generator, and is space-like separated — in the relativistic sense—from the entering of the photon into the interferometer. Measurements in the closed configuration show interference with a visibility of 94%, while measurements in the open configuration allow us to determine the followed path with an error probability lower than 1%. (second source)

Answer 2

I think it's a variation of the Aspect experiment where the decision made to measure or not measure the spin of one of the entangled particles is not made until the particles are already well separated, so no signal can propagate between the particles between the time the decision is made and the time the measurements are taken.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_test_e...