What is the effect of retinoic acid on unborn human babies? Eg, defects when born

Question

excess of retinoic acid

Answer 1

Quoting from website:

"Retinoic acid is teratogenic in humans at very low doses. The critical exposure time is between 3-5 weeks of pregnancy, often before the woman knows she is pregnant. Exposure to retinoic acid during pregnancy may result in malformations of the fetus: craniofacial alterations, cleft palate, neural tube defects, cardiovascular malformations, thymic aplasia, psychological impairments, absent or defective ears, small jaw, kidney alterations. Fifty percent of affected children have an IQ below 85 (average intelligence being an IQ of 110-100)."