What kind of agencies are involved in natural disasters?

Question

What kind of agencies are involved in natural disasters?

Answer 1

One other agency that is huge in disaster response in the U.S. is the U.S. National Guard and the service reserves.  The U.S. Coast Guard is also important in disaster response.  Most other countries also have their military play a large role as well.  

If you are talking about prediction and mitigation of effects rather than after-the-event response, it would depend on the natural disaster and the country.  I'm not very familiar with federal agencies anywhere but the U.S., so this answer will be somewhat restricted.  For flooding, you would look to the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Army Corps of Engineers, although maybe not in that order.  For weather-related disasters such as tornadoes, drought, and tropical cyclones hitting North and Central America, the National Weather Service (for ones that will impact Asia, it is the Joint Typhoon Warning Center run by the U.S. Navy).  More basic research on cyclones and weather is done by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Navy.  Earthquakes are covered by the USGS.  Tsunamis by NOAA.  Forest fires by the Bureau of Land Management, National Forest Service, and National Parks Department.  

You can find out the roles each agency plays by googling strings like:

"earthquake US Geological Survey"

"floods army corps engineers"

Answer 2

The big one is FEMA federal emergency management agency.

Most states have similar agencies.

There are local police, fire and rescue departments.

and there are NGO - non governmental organizations like the red cross, habitat for humanity, and others that swing into action.