Question:

What major hazard is created by low-head dams?

by  |  earlier

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a. reverse current upstream from the dam.

b. strong. recirculating current or back roller at the base of the dam.

c. barricade that it is difficult to pass

d. swift waters that must be navigated quickly.

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  1. Low head dams are referred to as "drowning machines" because of (b) the strong recirculating wave or 'current'.  Swimmers caught in this standing wave have no ready outlet; the current pulls them under and then pops them up again next to the dam over and over again, with the current frequently holding them under for long periods.  Usually the only way to escape is for the swimmer to make their way to the sides where there may be an outflow current.    


  2. B.

    The way to get out is to let the current circulate you, getting air when you come to the surface, and it will eventually spit you out.

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