What mass media products do not rely on advertising revenue to stay in operation?

Question

What mass media products do not rely on advertising revenue to stay in operation?

Answer 1

Subscription-based media such as HBO or a website that does not carry advertising.

Answer 2

One would like to think that PBS TV or Public radio don't  but that is not true, it used to be but that is no longer the case. The only thing that I can think of that has no advertising from out side of itself and is part of mass media is a magazine put out by the consumers union , "The Consumers Report" This is so true that they have sued company's that have used them in advertising. Example that comes to my mind is "Hamms Beer"  was rated number one by Consumers Report, Hamms said that in a advertising campaign and was promptly sued by Consumers Report and stopped using it.

Note number two has said HBO and that is not really correct HBO is on cable and they do advertise heavily, and you can not just get HBO. Further a web site also costs and they advertise maybe not the site it self but the service does and there by they a advertising driven